Standaarden worden bepaald door de diverse overheidsinstanties, industriegroepen en/of onafhankelijke laboratoria en worden toegepast door fabrikanten om een vastgestelde norm te handhaven betreffende bescherming van de gebruiker en betrouwbaarheid van het product.
De bekendste standaarden zijn:
IP ( Ingress Protection) voor materiaal en behuizingen
Een nummer bestaande uit 3 getallen, vastgesteld door de International Electrotechnical Commission, wordt gebruikt om een IP norm toe te kennen aan elektronische apparatuur of aan de behuizing hiervan. De IP code indiceert de mate van bescherming.
De drie getallen geven de verschillende vormen van bescherming aan:
Het eerste getal geeft de bescherming aan tegen het binnen dringen van vaste voorwerpen
Het tweede getal geeft de bescherming aan tegen het binnen dringen van vloeistoffen
Het derde getal geeft de bescherming aan tegen mechanische effecten
(Vaak wordt het derde getal weggelaten).
Hoe hoger de waarde van het getal, hoe beter de bescherming.
 |
| 0 |
No special protection |
| 1 |
Protection from a large part of the body such as a hand (but no protection from deliberate access); from solid objects greater than 50mm in diameter. |
| 2 |
Protection against fingers or other object not greater than 80mm in length and 12mm in diameter. |
| 3 |
Protection from entry by tools, wires, etc., with a diameter of thickness greater than 2.5mm. |
| 4 |
Protection from entry by solid objects with a diameter or thickness greater than 1.0mm |
| 5 |
Protection from the amount of dust that would interfere with the operation of the equipment. |
| 6 |
Dust tight. |
 |
| 0 |
No special protection |
| 1 |
Protection from dripping water. |
| 2 |
Protection from vertically dripping water. |
| 3 |
Protection from sprayed water. |
| 4 |
Protection from splashed water. |
| 5 |
Protection from water projected from a nozzle |
| 6 |
Protection against heavy seas, or powerful jets of water. |
| 7 |
Protection against immersion. |
De IP Code Symbolen
NEMA betekent National Electrical Manufacturers Association. Het is een forum voor de standaardisatie van elektrotechnische apparatuur, de gebruiker kan op eenvoudige wijze de veiligheid, de effectieviteit en de gelijkwaardigheid van de producten bepalen.
NEMA kwalificatie voor behuizingen
"NEMA" Types |
Enclosure Type Designation |
Intended Use and Description |
1 |
Indoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against limited amounts of falling dirt. |
2 |
Indoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against limited amounts of falling water and dirt. |
3 |
Outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against rain, sleet, wind blown dust and damage from external ice formation. |
3R |
Outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against rain, sleet, and damage from external ice formation. |
3S |
Outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against rain, sleet, windblown dust and to provide for operation of external mechanisms when ice laden. |
4 |
Indoor or outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against windblown dust and rain, splashing water, hose-directed water and damage from external ice formation. |
4X |
Indoor or outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against corrosion, windblown dust and rain, splashing water, hose-directed water, and damage from external ice formation. |
5 |
Indoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against settling airborne dust, falling dirt, and dripping noncorrosive liquids. |
6 |
Indoor or outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection again hose-directed water, and the entry of water during occasional temporary submersion at a limited depth and damage from external ice formation. |
6P |
Indoor or outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against hose-directed water, the entry of water during prolonged submersion at a limited depth and damage from external ice formation. |
7 |
Indoor use in locations classified as Class I, Division 1, Groups A, B, C or D hazardous locations as defined in the National Electric Code (NFPA 70) (Commonly referred to as explosion-proof). |
8 |
Indoor or outdoor use in locations classified as Class I, Division 2, Groups A, B, C or D hazardous locations as defined in the National Electric Code (NFPA 70) (commonly referred to as oil immersed). |
9 |
Indoor use in locations classified as Class II, Division 1, Groups E, F and G hazardous locations as defined in the National Electric Code (NFPA 70) (commonly referred to as dust-ignition proof). |
10 |
Intended to meet the applicable requirements of the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA). |
12 and 12K |
Indoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against circulating dust, falling dirt, and dripping noncorrosive liquids. |
13 |
Indoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against dust, spraying of water, oil, and noncorrosive coolant. |
| NEMA Number |
IP |
1 |
IP10 |
2 |
IP11 |
3 |
IP54 |
3R |
IP14 |
3S |
IP54 |
4 and 4X |
IP56 |
5 |
IP52 |
6 and 6P |
IP67 |
12 and 12K |
IP52 |
13 |
IP54 |
|
